Prof. Piotr Nita, an expert in the field of airport design, in his book “Designing airports and airports” mentions 13 airports, which are a challenge for pilots, due to an unusual location, a short runway, extreme weather conditions.
The airport is located in the Himalayas at an altitude of 2860 m above sea level, it was put into use in 1964. Its runway is 527 m long, and the runway is inclined at an angle of 12 degrees. The belt ends with a 600-meter gap to a rushing river. The airport is mainly used by teams planning to climb Mount Everest. At the peak of the season, up to 50 aircraft a day lands there. Tasks of pilots are not facilitated by changing weather conditions.
International Airport Princess Julianna, Sint Marteen, Caribbean
Landing on this Caribbean island is an experience for passengers, for the pilot and for sunbathers. Pictures of powerful aircraft landing almost above the heads of tourists are known. Planes land on the approach to the use of 10-25 m above the beach. The airport is located 4 m above sea level, its runway is 2349 m. The runway from the water on both sides separates the beach belt of several dozen meters. As exciting as landing, there are jet aircraft. So -called The jet blast effect, which is what happens behind the engines of starting machines, pushes into the water of sunbathers, their belongings and umbrellas.
Juancho E. Yrausquin airport in Saba, Dutch Antyle
The runway of this airport is about 305 m. Helicopters and table aircraft land on it. On one side of the belt there is a high hill, on the other – rock cliff and cliffs.
Courchevel Airport, France
Airport in the French Alps. His runway is 525 m long, and its width depends on the intensity of snowfall. There are about 2 thousand m above sea level, so rare air also determines the requirements for start and landing. To be able to land here, pilots must undergo a special training. The aircraft is primarily used by participants of the ski events.
International Barra airport
The length of the runway depends on the tides and the outflows of the sea. It ranges from 800 to 850 m. The runway is located on the beach. The starting roads at the airport are marked with wooden poles. Additional information is provided with parked cars with lights on, which is practiced in the afternoon.
Madeira airport, Madeira
The airport lies between the High Mountain Range and the Ocean. Initially, they were opened in 1964. Initially, the length of the runway was only 1,400 m. Because nearly 40 years it was doubled – the belt was built on 180 concrete columns. Each is 3 70 m high. The current belt length is 2777 m.
Kansai airport, Japan
The airport was built on an artificial island near Osaka. It lies 5 km from the shores of the island of Honsiu. A 4 km bridge leads to the airport. 178 million m six were needed to build the island. Earth – they were acquired, equalizing two mountains. The works lasted 6 years. The start belts are 3.5 km long.
Congonhas airport, Brazil
The airport is located 8 km from Sao Paulo. It has two starts – with a length of 1940 and 1435 m. Thick buildings, among which are skyscrapers, around the airport prevents them from extending them. Pilots are also a difficulty for pilots.
Gibraltar airport
The airport is located half a kilometer from the center of Gibraltar, at the foot of one of Hercules's columns. The belt is transversely … street. Winston Churchill Avenue leads from the city center to the border crossing with Spain. It is closed for 10 minutes during each start and landing. The runway is less than 1830 I am 5 m above
Gustaw III Airport, Saint-Barthelemy, Caribbean
The airport is located between the sea and the steep hill. Small transport and passenger aircraft land here, taking no more than 20 people on board. The runway has a length of 650 Mi ends on the city beach.
Ice Runway, Antarctica
The starting belt for aircraft in Antarctica is ice. The first Airbus landed here in 2008. Planes need a much longer start and braking path than in warmer climate zones – depending on the type of aircraft, it can even be a few kilometers. Here, there is a supply for the McMurdo station 65 km away.
Santos Dumont Airport, Rio de Janeiro
The airport was built in the 1940s. The runway measures 1350 m long. It lies in the immediate vicinity of the rock called the “head of sugar”, the pilots have a limited zone to approach the landing – they land from the opposite direction after a very sharp return to the left, placing after a few seconds.
Kanebitten Airport, Innsbruck, Austria
The airport is located at an altitude of 547 m above sea level, 4 km from the city. The runway is 2 km long. From the south, the city is adjacent to the 1370 m high pass, the start and landing take place here in difficult weather conditions.
Descriptions of airports based on the book “Designing airports and airports” prof. Piotr Nita
Designing airports and airports
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Communication and Communications Publishing House / Press materials
Note from the publisher: The above article was originally published in November 2016 and was updated.
