Lack of contributions is a lower pension. The state creates second -class people
A student employed under a mandate contract reduces his future pension by 9-10 percent. Until he starts a full -time job, there are no contributions and his account at ZUS remains empty. This means the lack of annual valorisation of capital, i.e. the biggest losses at the start of the career. Experts – Łukasz Kozłowski, chief economist of the Federation of Polish Entrepreneurs, and dr Tomasz Lasocki from the Faculty of Administration and Social Sciences of the Warsaw University of Technology – emphasize that the young people really lose their employment principles, although they are presented as favorable. Łukasz Kozłowski, calculates exactly how much they lose at the salary of 3.5 thousand. PLN gross.
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How many young people lose through orders?
Łukasz Kozłowski estimated how much a student loses, who started working at the age of 21 and performs it for the first five years, having the status of a student.
– Assuming that the retirement age for women is 60 years and the student will work continuously until then, her retirement would be 9.6 percent lower. – says Kozłowski. – In the case of men, where retirement age is 65 years, the loss would be about 8.8 percent.
Estimates are difficult because it is difficult to predict how the economic situation will change in such a long perspective. For the needs of calculations, Kozłowski assumed that during his studies monthly earnings amount to half of the median (PLN 3,500), and later – the median (PLN 7,000). There was no change in earnings in subsequent years and a real rate of valorisation of retirement capital at 2 %. annually.
– In this case, at the retirement age of 60 years, a pension without contributions during studies would be PLN 2981 per month, and with contributions – PLN 3,298 per month (PLN 317 difference). However, at the retirement age of 65 years, a pension without contributions during studies would be PLN 4,362 per month, and with contributions – PLN 4,784 per month (PLN 422 difference) – calculates the expert. Is that a lot?
– This is a lot – says a pensioner from Lublin, who has PLN 3,400 pensions and PLN 330 Wdowiej pension. And he points out that since he got an injection in the form of these three hundred zlotys since July, his situation has improved. “Every zloty counts in retirement,” he adds.
These data show that even with relatively small earnings during studies, paying contributions has a significant impact on the amount of future benefit.
– This applies to a slightly greater extent than men, because the period of study covers a proportionally larger part of their professional life due to the lower retirement age. Of course, the effects are less severe if work in college without contributions lasted shorter, e.g. a year – adds Kozłowski.
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A lower pension is not the only problem
Dr. Tomasz Lasocki shows the problem differently. – Each 1000 PLN introduced to the system at the beginning of his professional career will be valorized every year, and therefore more valuable than the contribution paid in the middle or at the end of professional work – he indicates.
Based on real data, he calculated that The zloty paid to the system in 1999, i.e. after the pension reform, in 2023 it was worth PLN 3.6.
– the problem is that Young people don't know it. If they are employed under the mandate contract, they do not see how contributions to the future pension at ZUS PUE are growing, but also from PPK. My observations show that people who have paid contributions from the beginning of their earning work, rarely believe in the messy of the retirement system. Immediately after graduation, they go straight to business, because it is more and more difficult for a full -time job – and we have a ready recipe for minimal retirement in old age. As Warren Buffett says, the most important are regularity and assembly percentage. Only young people who have only orders from the beginning do not see this accumulation and become susceptible to the slogans of confederation politicians. It seems to them that as today they take more on the so -called Hand, they will come out better on it – emphasizes Dr. Lasocki.
The state uses social dumping and creates second -class people
Late pulling the young into the pension system is also dangerous for other reasons. – First of all, if a young person employed under a civil law contract is accidentally accidentally. Second, student He cannot pay the disease contribution, so when he falls ill or becomes a parent, he will not receive an allowance. Thirdly, Such a person has worse creditworthinessso it's more difficult to get, for example, a mortgage. Fourthly, the period of work on a civil law contract does not include the seniority and this will not change even after the new law enters into force. This, however, does not change the fact that the protection of young people on the order is less than full -time. It is the fault of the state that social dumping uses and creates people working second -category – says Lasocki.
Benefits for employers for employing young people
Preferences in paying contributions for young people are to encourage them to work while studying. The fact that for a student who is under 26 years of age does not need to pay social and health insurance contributions, means savings for the employer. However, as the analyzes show, the student only loses on it.
Therefore, according to dr. Lasocki, The regulations should be constructed so that they continue to encourage entrepreneurs to employ youngbut without deterioration of their economic and legal situation.
– Enough, that such a person would be employed on an employment contract, but without additional costs on the employer's side. As a result, the student gets full protection: pension contributions, sickness, accident, code of employee rights, and the employer does not pay the so -called gross-brutto. If a young person gets e.g. 5,000 PLN gross and from this finances its part of the premium, but it does not cost a zloty more employer. Then the employer and the system gain, and young people do not lose – sums up Dr. Lasocki.
