Donald Trump, speaking after meeting the chairwoman of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen in his Turnberry Golf Club in Scotland, announced the signing of the agreement to American journalists. “This is the largest contract of them all,” Trump said after the meeting on the meeting about an hour.
Von der Leyen, who in an urgent mode flew to Scotland to meet Trump, admitted: – It was a difficult task. But we also thank you for the talks we had many times on the road to our goal – now we succeeded.
Trump, reading from a card, said that the EU would agree to buy energy [w tym gazu skroplonego] worth $ 750 billion (2 trillion PLN 717 billion). He will also agree to invest in the USA by $ 600 billion. (2 trillion PLN 174 billion) more than planned, in military equipment and opening markets to trade with zero customs rates.
Although the European Commission spokesman confirmed these numbers, it is not clear how such huge commitments can be fulfilled. Annual energy export from the US is around $ 250 billion. (PLN 906 billion).
The customs rate for importing from the EU to the US will be 15 percent, with the same rate for cars – which was a key demand for a powerful German automotive industry. The contract will not cover pharmaceutical products. Trump also said that Steel and aluminum will continue to be subject to a 50 % duty.
The conversations were a consequence of a two -week impasse caused by Trump, who in a letter to von der Leyen threatened to increase duties to most of the EU goods to 30 %, if an agreement was not reached by August 1.
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The first signal of the upcoming breakthrough was the announcement on Friday by von der Leyen that he would fly to a meeting with Trump to Scotland, where the US president was on a private visit.
Escalation for de -escalation
The escalation of Trump's actions surprised EU trade negotiators, to whom the American partners previously made it clear that the initial agreement is within reach.
There was a nerve struggle when Trump announced a number of other contracts – including a contract with Japan, which provides for a basic customs rate of 15 %, while concessions for the automotive industry. Some observers decided that this is a reference point for future conditions of transatlantic trade relations worth EUR 1.6 trillion. (6 trillion PLN 807 billion).
At the same time, 27 EU countries launched retaliation, developing a list of American goods worth 93 billion euros (395 billion 659 million PLN) – from aircraft to cars, from soy to bourbon from Kentucky – which were to be covered by retaliation duties of up to 30 percent. They were to come into force from August 7, if there was no agreement.
Von der Leyen previously emphasized the importance of transatlantic trade relations worth $ 1.7 trillion. (6 trillion PLN 159 billion) – the largest in the world. She also appealed to Trump to sign the largest trade agreement that each party has ever concluded.
Brendan Częlowski / AFP / AFP
US President Donald Trump and chairwoman of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen after agreeing on the trade agreement at Turnberry, Scotland, July 27, 2025.
– The two largest economies should have good trade relations. I think we achieved exactly what we wanted. Restoring balance, but also enabling trading on both sides. This means more jobs on both sides of the Atlantic, means prosperity on both sides of the Atlantic, and this was important to us – she said in her speech.
Unity and friendship
Trump, who previously claimed that he was in a bad mood, announced that he was satisfied with the result. – It will bring a lot of unity and friendship. It will work really well – he assessed and emphasized: – This is the most important contract of all.
On Sunday, the EU Trade Commissioner Maros Sefcovic joined Von der Leyen in Turnberry, and the American Secretary of Trade Howard Lutnick. These were the first bilateral conversations at the highest level since Trump was imposed by Trump in April, extensive duties to the rest of the world.
Lutnick told journalists that the results of investigating semiconductor industry, which may lead to the imposition of new sectoral duties, are expected in about two weeks.
Reaching an agreement with the EU turned out to be more difficult for Trump's team than with Japan and several other countries, which reflects the economic power of the block as a market of 450 million consumers.
The way the EU conducts commercial policy – through the European Commission, which is an executive body, which negotiates on behalf of 27 Member States and must consult them – also hindered Trump to conduct aggressive policy.
Although the EU has never moved to the introduction of retaliation duties or launching “commercial bazooka” – an instrument counteracting coercion – they had a deterrent effect due to the potential economic impact on voters in states that are bastions of republicans and American industries with a strong lobby in Washington.
On Monday, the European Commission is to inform EU ambassadors in Brussels about a commercial agreement – a spokesman for the Danish presidency in the EU Council.
I’m Ashley Davis as an editor, I’m committed to upholding the highest standards of integrity and accuracy in every piece we publish. My work is driven by curiosity, a passion for truth, and a belief that journalism plays a crucial role in shaping public discourse. I strive to tell stories that not only inform but also inspire action and conversation.
