The aggressor country of the Russian Federation attacks Ukraine, in particular, with Caliber missiles, which are launched from carriers from the Black or Azov Sea.
At the end of December 2025, the speaker of the Ukrainian Navy, Dmitry Pletenchuk, explained that Russia uses Caliber cruise missiles from sea carriers against Ukraine two or three times a month, but their number is limited due to technical difficulties and stormy weather. The effectiveness of these missiles has been significantly reduced due to the experience and weapons of the Ukrainian air defense.
