Krasnoyarsk scientists talked about “DNA-Dita” / News of the Society of Krasnoyarsk and Krasnoyarsk Territory / Newslab.ru

In the Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center SB RAS, they talked about Nutrigenetics – areas of science that studies how genes affect the absorption of food, predisposition to diseases, and even a response to sports.

Candidate of biological sciences, head of the molecular genetic group of the Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North of the SB RAS Marina Smolnikova emphasizes that gENS are a kind of instructions for the body.

“For example, polymorphism (variations) in the CYP1A2 gene slows the metabolism of caffeine, increasing the risk of heart attack among coffee lovers. Knowing this, we can give a person specific recommendations: not three cups a day, but one or even drink chicory, ”she shared.

Also, by human DNA, one can identify a predisposition to obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

“So, the APOE gene affects the metabolism of fats – its mutations are associated with atherosclerosis. The PPARG gene regulates the absorption of glucose – violations here lead to type II diabetes. The FTO gene is called the “genome of obesity” – its carriers are prone to overeating. U adolescents with a certain version of the UCP2 gene are slowed. For them, a high -calorie diet is a direct path to obesity, while the Mediterranean diet reduces risks by 40 %“, – said MarinA SmolnikovA.

To form the perfect diet, taking into account the genetic characteristics, it is first necessary to establish the type of metabolism. There are three of them: carbohydrate (slow metabolism, emphasis on cereals and vegetables in nutrition), protein (quick metabolism, emphasis in a diet for meat, fish, legumes), Mixed type (Balance BJU 30/30/40).

According to mutations in the genes of enzymes participating in the assimilation of nutrients, it is possible to determine markers of the risk of obesity.

Now scientists from the KNC SB RAS, together with students of gymnasium No. 13, conduct a study among adolescents, make personal recommendations and adjust their diet. They believe that early nutrition can prevent up to 70 % of chronic diseases in the future.