Beginning August 1, Fazanilor Island will officially revert to French sovereignty under a highly unusual and unique co-sovereign arrangement with Spain, as reported by Le Figaro.
This annual ritual occurs quietly, with no grand festivities marking the transfer of authority across the Bidasoa River. There are no territorial disputes or diplomatic renegotiations; between Hendaye and Irun, located along the Franco-Spanish border, the administration of Fazanilor Island changes hands every six months, following a distinct tradition.
For over three centuries, the French and Spanish have alternated in administering this tiny riverine territory, adhering to a fixed schedule: Madrid governs from February 1 to July 31, while Paris takes over from August 1 to January 31. This practice honors a historic site where significant events in Franco-Spanish history took place, even though Fazanilor Island is smaller than a football field. The island is devoid of any settlements, roads, or shops—only birds and vegetation thrive in its daily life.
Despite its size, the island holds substantial historical significance. It was here that the clauses of the Treaty of the Pyrenees were negotiated in 1659, which ended nearly a quarter-century of conflict between France and Spain, paving the way for the meeting between Louis XIV and Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, solidifying peace between the two powers, according to News.ro.
The island’s diplomatic legacy continues to influence its ceremonial life. Each administrative shift is marked by an official ceremony where representatives from both countries symbolically hand over responsibilities.
Although the island can be seen from the Joncaux shore on the way to Baie, it remains inaccessible to visitors. Therefore, tourists should not plan a stop during their vacation in the Basque Country, as the island is closed to the public. Only officials from both nations visit during official ceremonies, while the territory is otherwise returned to its wildlife.
Fazanilor Island (Île des Faisans in French, Isla de los Faisanes in Spanish) is located on the Bidasoa River, forming a part of the border between France and Spain. Specifically, it is situated between Hendaye (France) and Irun (Basque Country, Spain), very close to the river’s mouth into the Bay of Biscay (Atlantic Ocean). It covers an area of approximately 2,000 square meters (about 0.2 hectares), making it one of the smallest internationally recognized islands in the world.
Fazanilor Island on the Bidasoa River, between France and Spain. PHOTO: © Eq Roy | Dreamstime.com
