June 4, 1922
On this day, Matushevskaya Olga Fedorovna was born – a participant in the Great Patriotic War, a teacher, an honorary citizen of the Jewish Autonomous Region.
Olga Fedorovna was born in the city of Free Amur Region. She graduated from secondary school in 1940, in the same year she entered the Tomsk Polytechnic Institute. In June 1941, she began training, and in September she graduated from nurses.
In March 1942, she left for the Bryansk Front by a sanctuary. In April 1944, Olga Matushevskaya changed her sanitary bag to a sniper rifle.
Matushevskaya Olga Fedorovna. 1943. Photo: Gosarchive EAO
Olga Matushevskaya. Photo: Gosarchive EAO
1st separate female rifle volunteer brigade. Upper row, 2nd left-Matushevskaya Olga Fedorovna. December 1, 1943. Photo: Gosarchive EAO
After demobilization, she entered the Khabarovsk Pedagogical Institute. Since 1948, she worked in the Jewish Autonomous Region as a teacher of the history of the Lenin secondary school, then the inspector of the Lenin department of public education, from 1950 to 1956, the head of the public education department of the Birobidzhan district executive committee. From 1950 to 1959, Matushevskaya O.F. was elected as a deputy of the Birobidzhan city and district councils of workers' deputies.
Since 1956, Olga Fedorovna worked as the director of school No. 6 of Birobidzhan, then a history teacher until 1984. From 1984 to 1989, she worked in the house of pioneers by the head of the circle.
Matushevskaya Olga Fedorovna with a group of Vietnamese students of the Russian language. 1992. Photo: Gosarchive EAO
Director of secondary school No. 6 Matushevskaya Olga Fedorovna. 1976. Photo: Gosarchive EAO
Matushevskaya O.F. At a meeting at the Tomsk Industrial Institute. 1975. Photo: Gosarchive EAO
In 1994, Matushevskaya O.F. was awarded the title “Honorary Citizen of the Jewish Autonomous Region”.
While retired, Olga Fedorovna worked as a methodologist of the Center for Children's Creativity, she managed to collect and systematize huge material on the development of youth movement in the regional center.
Olga Fedorovna was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War of the II degree, medals “For Military Merit”, “For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945”, “For the victory over Japan”, “Veteran of labor”, and anniversary medals.
Matushevskaya Olga Fedorovna passed away in the 91st year of her life on April 4, 2013.
A commemorative board was installed on the school building where Olga Fedorovna worked.
June 4, 1944
In the book of D. Weyserman Birobidzhan: Dreams and Tragedy (12+), information was posted that on June 4, 1944, a telegram was sent to the EAO of the Supreme Commander -in -Chief of Joseph Stalin, in which two houses for Jewish orphans were allowed to organize in the EAO. They will have to contain from 2 to 3.5 thousand children. But Stalin did not respond to this telegram. Perhaps she simply did not get to him, or maybe Stalin was not up to that. In any case, there was no refusal, and the leaders of the region considered the silence of the “father of the peoples” a sign of consent. Bakhmutsky and Zilrshtein, more than two months before sending the telegram to Stalin, filed a call to take part in the raise funds for the organization of two orphans for orphans.
June 4, 1991
In order to improve educational work with children and adolescents, on the basis of the decision of the Executive Committee of the Regional Council of People's Deputies of the EAO dated June 4, 1991 No. 99, the regional children and youth sports school of the Committee on Physical Education and Sports of the Regional Executive Committee was opened.
June 4, 1983
Cutting from the newspaper “Birobidzhan Star”. Photo: Photo: Regional Library
In the newspaper Birobidzhan Zvezda (12+) on June 4, 1983, a article was published by an article by the head of the party archive of the regional committee of the CPSU M. Nemirovsky by the 50th anniversary of the Jewish Autonomous Region. In the article, he talks about the formation of industry in the Jewish Autonomous Region.
“The development of the industry of the region began after the Decree of the USSR Government of March 28, 1928” for the needs of the population by the population of free lands in the Amur lane of the Far Eastern Territory … “. Already in 1928 the first artels on the basis of local raw materials were created: a brick artel, an artel for the production of lime, a resounded artel in a stroller, a deceased artel, a decrease, a decrease, an arrangement of artille Porty, shoe and others … “.
Suitcase artel. Photo: Gosarchive EAO
The Red October Artel of the Smidovic district of the EAO. 1956. Photo: Gosarchive EAO
Artel Caucus Weaving baskets. SC Photo: Gosarchive EAO
Artel bricks, on the left-Winstein Perez from Odessa. Photo: Gosarchive EAO
Since 1930, they began to restore the forestry in the village of Nikolaevka, in the same year a forestry in Birobidzhan began to be built. In 1931, a lime factory began to be built in Londoko, and in 1932 a small sewing factory began to operate in Birobidzhan.
IROBIZHAN Sewing Factory. End of the 1930s .. Photo: Photo: Gosarchive EAO
By 1934, the Londokovsky Lime Plant, the Birobidzhan Factory, the Tunguska Forestry, the Sutaresk Golden Prizes, several brick factories, a number of furniture parts, and bondar-school enterprises operated on the territory of the Birobidzha district.
Given the rapid economic development of the Birobidzha district, the Presidium of the All -Russian Central Executive Committee on May 7, 1934 by his decision transformed him into the Jewish Autonomous Region, introducing her all the rights of the autonomous regions included in the RSFSR.
During the first year of the region’s existence, 12 two -story houses, a theater, a hospital, a bathhouse, a gastronomic store and a number of other objects were built in Birobidzhan alone.
Construction of a new street in Birobidzhan. 1936. Photo: Photo: Gosarchive EAO
For three years that have passed after the resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, 26 commercial-cooperative artels were created in the region, schools, a carriage and steam depot in Obluchye, stations in Birobidzhan, Birakan and Obluchye were built.
A new school is being built. Photo: Photo: Birobidzhaner Stern
The enterprises of the region produced a variety of products: brick and lime, marble boards and pack, shoes and sewing products, plywood, furniture and other products.
Already in 1940, the industry of the region produced products several times more than in 1934. During the years of pre -war five -year -olds in the region, enterprises of the industrial materials industry, light, food, metalworking and other industries were created.
